ADULT LEARNERS – THEIR CHARACTERISTICS & NEEDS
Adult learners expect
- Autonomy
- Self-direction
- Flexibility
- Practical outcomes
- Learning by experience
- Purpose and goal-oriented
- Life long process building on previous knowledge and personal reflections
- Social, collaborative learning
- A problem-based or challenge-based approach
- Authentic real-life problems
References:
Carlile, O. and Jordan,Aa., (2003) ‘It works in practice but will it work in theory? The theoretical underpinnings of pedagogy. Available at: http://www.aishe.org/readings/2005- 1/carlile-jordan-it_works_in_practice_but_will_it_work_in_theory.html [Accessed 26 June
2017].
Knowles, M.S. (1990) The adult learner: a neglected species. 4th ed. Houston: Gulf Pub. Co.
Lawson, K.H. (1979) Philosophical concepts and values in adult education. Milton Keynes: The Open University Press.
Slotte, V. and Herbert, A. (2008). ‘Engaging workers in simulation‐based e‐learning’ Journal of Workplace Learning, vol. 17, no. 5/6, pp. 318-336.
https://doi.org/10.1108/13665620810860477
Leyking, K., Chikova, P. and Loos, L. (2007) ‘Competency and Process-Driven e-Learning – a Model-Based Approach’ Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 5(3) pp.183-194. Available at: ERIC [Accessed 2 Jul. 2018]
Siemens, G. (2005) ‘Connectivism: A learning theory for the digital age’ InternationalJournal of Instructional Technology and Distance Learning, 2(1), pp. 3-10. Available at:http://www.elearnspace.org/Articles/connectivism.htm [Accessed 2 Jul. 2018].
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